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内容举例： 3.动词－ing的被动式的句法功能。
(1)作主语。如：So_being_killed_by_sharks was a common thing.
(2)作宾语，用在介词后或需要带－ing 形式作宾语的动词后。如：
George didn't like being_kept_waiting.
He was terrified of being_abandoned_by _us.
Do you remember_having_been_taken to Beijing at the age of ten?
(3)作表语。如：
What worried the child most was his not_bei ng_allowed_to visit his mother in the hospital.
(4)作定语。如：
The problem being_discussed is of great importance.
(5)作状语。如：
Having_been_shown_around the library，we were taken to see the lab.
(6)作补足语。如：
As we drew closer，I could see a whale being_attacked by a pack of about six other killers.
When we approached him，I saw James b eing_held_up in the water by Old Tom.
[注意]
(1)v.－ing 形式的被动式主要在句子中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。但v.－ing 形式的被动式的完成式，一般在句中作状语(偶尔作非限定定语)，不作其他成分。
They don't like the_design_of_the_new_bridge_being_built.(正在建造的桥的设计)
Not_having_been_completed，the museum can't be visited yet.(由于没有完工……)
(2)v.－ing 形式的被动式逻辑主语(即动作的承受者)如果也是主句的主语，就不需要表示出来，但是如果逻辑主语不是主句的主语，就得把v.－ing 形式自己的主语表示出来。如：
The whole classroom having_been_cleaned，the students went home happily.
(3)在want，need，deserve，require，repay，bear，tak e等动词及形容词worth后，习惯用动词－ing的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于“to be done”。如：
The house wants_cleaning.
这房屋需要打扫。
My watch needs_repairing.
我的手表需要修理。
The way deserves_mentioning.
这个方法值得一提。
These young trees will require_looking_after carefully.
这些小树需要细心照顾。
The film is worth_seeing.
这部影片值得一看。
四、巩固练习
I. Translate the following sentences into English，using the words and expressions given in brackets.
(1)当我意识到她在场之时前，她正好走到我身边。(be aware of)
(2)凯莉每读一本书都喜欢反思一下书的含义。(reflect on)
(3)这场演出没有什么可以挑剔的，这是真正的享受。(pure)
(4)你刷那面墙，同时我准备好这一面墙你好接着刷。(in the meantim e)
(5)我的女儿喜欢把 自己倒吊在操场的机械上。(upside down)
(6)夜里一些奇怪的声音把我吓得半死。(scare to death)
参考答案：
(1)She was standing right next to me before I became aware of her presence.
(2)Whenever Kelly reads a book，she likes to reflect on its meaning for a while.
(3)There was nothing I didn't like about the performance.It was pu re enjoyment.
(4)You paint that wall and，in the meantime，I will prepare this one for you to paint next.
(5)My daughter loves to hang upside down on the playground equipment.
(6)The strange noises in the night scared me to death.
II.句型转换(改成带－ing形式被动结构的简单句)
(1)The hotel which is being built now beside the park was designed by a group of young men.
(2)The little girl was eventually aware that her parents abandoned her in the mountainous village.
(3)He would come even if we don't invite him.(without)
(4)After he had been examined se veral times，he was told to be healthy.
(5)I noti ced that some people were taken to the police station.
参考答案：
(1)The hotel being built now beside the park was designed by a group of young men.
(2)The little girl was eventually aware of bein g abandoned by her parents in the mountainous village.
(3)He would come without even being invited.
(4)After having been examined several times，he was told to be healt hy.
(5)I noticed some people being taken to the police station.
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